Potential IVF Treatment Complications: Risks, Symptoms & Prevention Tips

In-vitro fertilization (IVF) has introduced hope for millions of couples who are dealing with infertility. As a medical procedure, IVF means combined sperm and egg fertilization outside of the body, with the resulting embryo placed in the uterus. 

Although there have been many inspirational success stories of couples struggling with infertility, it is important to be aware that there are complications associated with IVF treatment. If couples understand the risks associated with infertility treatment and the symptoms of a complication, as well as options to prevent potential complications, they can make informed decisions and enhance their confidence throughout the process.   

Common IVF Complications 

1. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)  

OHSS occurs when the ovaries overstimulate due to fertility drugs. The ovaries become swollen and painful. Mild forms of OHSS can be bloated and uncomfortable, while severe OHSS causes painful bloating along with nausea and shortness of breath. OHSS is treatable, but it remains one of the most frequently addressed IVF treatment complications.

2. Multiple Pregnancies

If doctors transfer more than one embryo for IVF, it heightens the likelihood of twins or triplets. While multiple pregnancies can provide a greater chance of success, they can have different risks associated with IVF pregnancy, including premature delivery, lower birth weight, and extra strain on the mother’s body. Today, as a whole, doctors are working toward only transferring one embryo in order to hopefully reduce the risks associated with multiple pregnancies.

3. Ectopic Pregnancy

This happens when the embryo implants outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube. It’s a serious condition and requires immediate medical care. Although rare, ectopic pregnancies are among the critical IVF treatment complications that need urgent attention. 

4. Egg Retrieval and Anesthesia Risks

Egg retrieval is done under sedation. Although it’s usually safe, there’s a small risk of bleeding, infection, or reaction to anesthesia. These IVF side effects on mothers are uncommon but possible. 

5. Emotional and Psychological Stress

The IVF journey can be emotionally exhausting. Hormonal changes, financial pressure, and the uncertainty of results can cause anxiety or depression. This type of stress is often overlooked but is a real part of IVF treatment complications.  

Rare but Serious Risks 

1.Ovarian Torsion

This rare comp lication occurs when the ovary twists on itself, cutting off its blood supply. It causes sudden, severe abdominal pain and may need surgery. Though uncommon, it’s one of the serious IVF treatment complications to be aware of.  

2. Infection or Bleeding

Sometimes, during egg retrieval or embryo transfer, there’s a small chance of infection or internal bleeding. Prompt medical treatment usually resolves these issues quickly. 

3. Long-term Health Risks

There’s ongoing research about the possible long-term effects of IVF. Some studies have looked into IVF side effects on a mother, like increased cancer risk, though no direct link has been proven. Similarly, some concerns have been raised about IVF side effects on a baby, like low birth weight or congenital issues, but most IVF babies are healthy.  

Symptoms to Watch For  

Being alert to early signs can help catch any IVF treatment complications before they become serious.  

Physical Symptoms  

• Severe abdominal pain or bloating  
• Sudden weight gain  
• Heavy vaginal bleeding or spotting  
• Dizziness or shortness of breath  
• Fever or chills  

These could point to OHSS, ectopic pregnancy, or infection.  

Emotional Symptoms  

• Mood swings  
• Sleep problems  
• Persistent sadness or anxiety  

These may be signs of emotional stress and shouldn’t be ignored.  

Prevention and Risk Minimization Tips 

1. Medical Monitoring and Regular Checkups

Stay in close contact with your doctor. Regular ultrasounds and blood tests help catch IVF treatment complications early, especially OHSS or ectopic pregnancy. 

2. Choosing the Right Clinic and Specialist

A well-qualified fertility specialist with good success rates can reduce IVF pregnancy risks by using updated protocols and technologies. Ask questions and do your research before starting treatment. 

3. Lifestyle and Diet Considerations

Eat a balanced diet, maintain a healthy weight, and avoid alcohol and smoking. These simple habits can reduce IVF side effects on a mother and improve your overall IVF success. 

4. Emotional Support and Counselling

Talk to a counsellor, join a support group, or open up to your partner. IVF can be mentally draining, and taking care of your emotional well-being is crucial.  

When to Contact Your Doctor?  

If you notice any of the following, contact your doctor immediately:  

• Severe pain or swelling in the abdomen  
• Heavy bleeding  
• Fainting or dizziness  
• Trouble breathing  
• Emotional distress that interferes with daily life  

Early detection is key to managing IVF treatment complications effectively.  

Conclusion  

While IVF is a life-changing procedure for many, it’s not without its challenges. If you want to know more about complications from IVF treatment, discuss with the reputed fertility specialists of the Oasis Fertility Clinic near you  to understand better. You can also call us on 1800-3001-1000 or use our live chat option for prompt assistance. 

FAQs  

Is IVF a safe procedure for all women?  

IVF is generally safe, but every woman’s health is different. Some may be more prone to IVF treatment complications, so a thorough medical evaluation is important.  

How common is OHSS during IVF treatment?  

Mild OHSS occurs in about 20–30% of cases, while severe OHSS is rare (1–5%). Regular monitoring reduces the risk.  

Can IVF increase the risk of cancer or other long-term health issues?  

There’s no solid proof linking IVF to cancer. Studies are ongoing, but most women have no long-term IVF side effects on a mother.  

What can I do to reduce the chances of complications during IVF?  

Follow your doctor’s instructions, attend all checkups, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and manage stress to avoid common IVF treatment complications.