Intrauterine Adhesions and Infertility in Women

Infertility in women can occur due to a number of reasons such as PCOS, endometriosis, advanced age, uterine fibroids, obesity, etc. Not many are aware of intrauterine adhesions that can also lead to infertility. Advanced surgeries and fertility treatments can help women overcome this condition and achieve parenthood. If a woman has chronic pelvic pain or problems in the menstrual cycle like scanty or very heavy bleeding or is unable to conceive, it is highly essential to visit a fertility specialist.

What are Intrauterine Adhesions (IUA)?
Intrauterine Adhesion is also called Asherman Syndrome. The lining of the uterus is called the endometrium and when there is any injury or infection to this lining, adhesions (scar tissues) occur in the uterus which can lead to infertility issues. The endometrium is very vital for a natural pregnancy. Also, the success of assisted reproductive technologies like IVF depends on the endometrial thickness, pattern, etc.

Causes of intrauterine adhesions:

• Previous surgery of the uterus
• History of pelvic infections, most commonly tuberculosis
• D&C (Dilation and curettage)
• Endometritis (infection of the endometrium)
• Cesarean section

Symptoms of Uterine Adhesions:

• Light periods
• Absence of periods
• Infertility
• Repeated miscarriage

Diagnosis:

• Ultrasound
• Hysteroscope
• Hysterosalpingogram

Intrauterine adhesions treatment:
Treatment for women with IUA includes operative hysteroscopy for removal of adhesions, and medicines to prevent reformation of adhesions followed by an IVF cycle primed with PRP injections. Operative hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure to treat abnormal conditions in the uterus. In the case of IUA, the scar tissues are removed by a hysteroscope. To help in the rejuvenation of the endometrium, PRP (Platelet rich plasma) injections are given as the endometrial lining plays a very significant role in enabling a successful pregnancy. PRP is created using the patient’s blood sample and it is rich in platelets and growth factors that enable the healing and rejuvenation of cells.

When a woman has any issues related to periods and is trying to conceive, it is very important to go for a fertility evaluation to know the underlying cause of infertility. Advanced fertility treatment options are available to remove adhesions in uterus to help couples overcome infertility and attain parenthood. The earlier the intervention, the better the outcome. Happy Parenthood!